1. Desert trekking — Mingsha Mountain
Stretching about 40 kilometers from east to west and 20 kilometers from north to south, Mingsha Mountain extends from the cliffs above the Mogao Caves to the Danghe Reservoir. Its dunes are known for their distinctive five-colored sand. Trek along the ridgelines or spend a night camping in the desert.
2. Gobi crossing — Xuanzang's Route
The 108-kilometer Xuanzang's Route can be completed in four days and three nights, following a trail from the Xuanzang statue to Dongshuigou. The route passes through a remarkable variety of landscapes, including Gobi, sand dunes, canyons, river channels, saxaul forests, black Gobi, reed beds and Populus euphratica forests. One of Dunhuang's distinctive advantages is its three types of Gobi landscape: white Gobi toward Guazhou, black Gobi west of the Danghe Reservoir–Yumen Pass line, and multicolored Gobi around Dundun Mountain near Yangguan Pass — a combination rarely found anywhere in the world.
3. Canyon and river-valley trekking — Danghe Grand Canyon
The Danghe Grand Canyon stretches for about 120 kilometers from north to south, with steep cliffs rising on both sides. Its upper, middle and lower reaches offer distinct landscapes, from flood-swept terrain and gravel canyons to broad, gently flowing stretches of the river.
4. Historical trail trekking
Follow ancient routes through landscapes and sites associated with Dunhuang's history, including the Xuanzang statue – Danghe Canyon – Changsha Ridge – Heishan – Baishitou – Daquan River – 140 Gobi – Dongshuigou – Hanxia line. Other options include the Yumen Pass – Han Dynasty Great Wall – Hecang Fortress route and the ancient trail to Yangguan Pass.
5. Low-mountain hiking — Sanwei Mountain
Rising to 1,778 meters, Sanwei Mountain stretches for more than 150 kilometers and faces the Mogao Caves. Hike to the summit for panoramic views over the Mogao Caves and the surrounding landscape.
6. Geological landscape trekking — Dunhuang UNESCO Global Geopark
Explore the striking landforms of Dunhuang's geological landscapes, including the spectacular formations of the Dunhuang Yadan National Geopark, also known as "Devil City". The area offers trails through wind-eroded ridges, cliffs and other distinctive formations.
7. Wetland and wildlife trekking — Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve
With an average elevation of about 960 meters, Dunhuang West Lake lies in the lowest part of the Hexi Corridor. Its wetlands, rivers, grasslands and desert ecosystems provide a different side of Dunhuang for trekking, with opportunities to observe the region’s distinctive plants and wildlife.
What to pack
Travel light. Trekking can be physically demanding, so bring only what you really need.
Essential gear
• Shoes: Choose high-top, non-slip, and durable hiking shoes for ankle support and better protection from sand.
• Gaiters: Highly recommended for keeping sand out of your shoes and trousers.
• Trekking poles: Useful on Gobi terrain and can help reduce strain on your legs.
• Quick-dry clothing: Help keep you comfortable when you sweat.
• Warm layers: Temperatures can vary dramatically between day and night. Bring a fleece or lightweight down jacket.
• Sun protection: Pack SPF 50+ sunscreen, sun-protective outerwear, a wide-brimmed hat, sunglasses, and a neck gaiter.
• Water: Carry a hydration pack with around 2-3 liters of water, and bring electrolyte supplements for longer treks.
• First-aid supplies: Bring any personal medication you need, along with plasters, disinfectant spray, and basic stomach medicine.
Safety tips
1. Avoid the hottest hours.
Summer temperatures in the Gobi can be extreme, with ground temperatures potentially exceeding 60 C. During hot weather, plan strenuous outdoor activities for the cooler parts of the day, such as 7-10 am and 4:30-8:30 pm. Avoid trekking around midday and take shelter indoors or in an air-conditioned vehicle.
2. Drink water regularly.
Do not wait until you feel thirsty. During long treks, drink small amounts regularly, roughly every 1-2 hours, and adjust your intake according to the weather and intensity of your activity.
3. Look after your feet.
Blisters are common on long-distance hikes. Apply anti-chafing or blister-prevention patches before setting out, and deal with any signs of rubbing as soon as they appear.
4. Trek responsibly.
The Gobi and desert environment is fragile. Stay on designated or established routes, follow local guidance, take all rubbish with you, and avoid disturbing archaeological remains or natural features.
5. Make every step count.
Trekking in Dunhuang is more than a physical challenge. It is a chance to slow down, challenge yourself, and experience the scale of the landscape — sun, wind, sand, and endless horizons — while following in the footsteps of travelers who once crossed the ancient Silk Road. Let go of distractions, push beyond your limits, and immerse yourself in the stark grandeur of nature and history.
